Answer: CHAUTAUQUA

Chautauqua refers to a social and cultural movement that originated in the late 19th and early 20th centuries in the United States. It consisted of a series of educational and entertainment programs, including lectures, performances, and discussions, often held in outdoor settings. Historically, Chautauquas aimed to bring education and entertainment to rural and small-town communities.

Note: The provided meaning of the answer is for the latest New York Times crossword puzzle clue: Social movement that Teddy Roosevelt proclaimed "the most American thing in America". Explanations are generated by AI and may be inaccurate.