Answer: REDDWARF

"Red dwarf" is a term used to describe a specific type of small, dim, and relatively cool star that is found throughout the universe. These stars are called red dwarfs because they emit mostly red light due to their low temperature. The clue "Proxima Centauri, e.g." suggests that Proxima Centauri, which is the closest known star to our solar system, is an example of a red dwarf. It is located in the Alpha Centauri star system, at a distance of approximately 4.24 light-years from Earth.

Note: The provided meaning of the answer is for the latest New York Times crossword puzzle clue: Proxima Centauri, e.g.. Explanations are generated by AI and may be inaccurate.